Electrobiosynthesis of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 by molybdenum-containing steroid C25 dehydrogeanse coupled to antimony tin oxide thin-film electrodes
Victoria Davis, Dennis Kosian, Thomas Bick, Ralf Weßbecher, Petra Wendler, Matthias Boll, Anna Fischer
Vitamin D3 (VitD3) deficiency is linked to numerous health conditions, increasing the demand for its bioavailable metabolite, 25-hydroxy-VitD3 (25OHVitD3). While chemical synthesis remains the standard production method, enzymatic approaches using steroid C25 dehydrogenases (S25DH) from Sterolibacterium denitrificans provide a highly selective, viable alternative. Herein, we present an S25DH-based bioelectrosynthesis approach, where optimizing electron transfer (ET) between S25DH and the working electrode is essential for achieving efficient bioelectrosynthesis. This study uses 8% antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) thin-film electrodes to investigate S25DH immobilization dynamics, adsorption/desorption behavior, and electrocatalytic performance using in situ ATR-IR spectroelectrochemistry. Our findings indicate that S25DH binds to ATO surfaces via electrostatic and coordinative interactions, with surface-exposed histidine clusters playing a key role in stable immobilization..